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Compare Bouvet Island (2003) - Antigua and Barbuda (2002)

Compare Bouvet Island (2003) z Antigua and Barbuda (2002)

 Bouvet Island (2003)Antigua and Barbuda (2002)
 Bouvet IslandAntigua and Barbuda
Administrative divisions - 6 parishes and 2 dependencies*; Barbuda*, Redonda*, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip
Age structure - 0-14 years: 28% (male 9,618; female 9,293)


15-64 years: 67.3% (male 22,695; female 22,682)


65 years and over: 4.7% (male 1,289; female 1,871) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products - cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock
Airports - 3 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 58.5 sq km


land: 58.5 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 443 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km)


land: 442 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background This uninhabited volcanic island is almost entirely covered by glaciers and is difficult to approach. It was discovered in 1739 by a French naval officer after whom the island was named. No claim was made until 1825, when the British flag was raised. In 1928, the UK waived its claim in favor of Norway, which had occupied the island the previous year. In 1971, Bouvet Island and the adjacent territorial waters were designated a nature reserve. Since 1977, Norway has run an automated meteorological station on the island. The Siboney were the first to inhabit the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in 2400 B.C., but Arawak and Carib Indians populated the islands when Columbus landed on his second voyage in 1493. Early settlements by the Spanish and French were succeeded by the English who formed a colony in 1667. Slavery, established to run the sugar plantations on Antigua, was abolished in 1834. The islands became an independent state within the British Commonwealth of Nations in 1981.
Birth rate - 18.84 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget - revenues: $123.7 million


expenditures: $145.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital - Saint John's
Climate antarctic tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 29.6 km 153 km
Constitution - 1 November 1981
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Bouvet Island		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda
Currency - East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Death rate - 5.75 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external - $231 million (1999)
Dependency status territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Police from Oslo -
Diplomatic representation from the US - the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda (embassy closed 30 June 1994); the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Lionel Alexander HURST


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 362-5211


FAX: [1] (202) 362-5225


consulate(s) general: Miami
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - $2.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview no economic activity; declared a nature reserve Tourism continues to dominate the economy, accounting for more than half of GDP. Weak tourist arrival numbers since early 2000 have slowed the economy, however, and pressed the government into a tight fiscal corner. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction work. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on income growth in the industrialized world, especially in the US, which accounts for about one-third of all tourist arrivals.
Electricity - consumption - 93 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production - 100 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Olav Peak 935 m		 lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m
Environment - current issues NA water management - a major concern because of limited natural fresh water resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian
Exchange rates - East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General James B. CARLISLE (since NA 1993)


head of government: Prime Minister Lester Bryant BIRD (since 8 March 1994); Deputy Prime Minister Robin YEARWOOD


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general
Exports - $40 million (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities - petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, machinery and transport equipment 17%, food and live animals 4%, other 8%
Exports - partners - OECS 26%, Barbados 15%, Guyana 4%, Trinidad and Tobago 2%, US 0.3%
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Norway is used red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $674 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 4%


industry: 19%


services: 77% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $10,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 54 26 S, 3 24 E 17 03 N, 61 48 W
Geography - note covered by glacial ice; declared a nature reserve Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a very large western harbor
Highways - total: 1,165 km


paved: 384 km


unpaved: 781 km


note: it is assumed that the main roads are paved; the secondary roads are assumed to be unpaved (1995)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center
Imports - $357 million (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities - food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil
Imports - partners - US 27%, UK 16%, Canada 4%, OECS 3%
Independence - 1 November 1981 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 6% (1997 est.)
Industries - tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)
Infant mortality rate - 21.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 0.4% (2000 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM (observer), OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 16 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction)
Labor force - 30,000
Labor force - by occupation - commerce and services 82%, agriculture 11%, industry 7% (1983) (1983)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (93% ice) (1998 est.)		 arable land: 18.18%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 81.82% (1998 est.)
Languages - English (official), local dialects
Legal system the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply based on English common law
Legislative branch - bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 9 March 1999 (next to be held prior to March 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - ALP 53.2%, UPP 45.5%, independent 1.3%; seats by party - ALP 12, UPP 4, independent 1
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 71.02 years


male: 68.72 years


female: 73.45 years (2002 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling


total population: 89%


male: 90%


female: 88% (1960 est.)
Location island in the South Atlantic Ocean, southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references Antarctic Region Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims territorial sea: 4 NM contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 762 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,541,940 GRT/5,894,553 DWT


ships by type: bulk 20, cargo 469, chemical tanker 9, combination bulk 4, container 202, liquefied gas 7, multi-functional large-load carrier 6, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll off 35


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1, Bangladesh 2, Belgium 3, Colombia 1, Cuba 1, Estonia 1, Germany 747, Greece 1, Iceland 8, Latvia 1, Lebanon 2, Lithuania 1, Netherlands 22, New Zealand 2, Portugal 1, Slovenia 6, South Africa 1, Sweden 2, United Kingdom 1, United States 7 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Norway -
Military branches - Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force, Royal Antigua and Barbuda Police Force (including the Coast Guard)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA%
National holiday - Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981)
Nationality - noun: Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s)


adjective: Antiguan, Barbudan
Natural hazards NA hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts
Natural resources none NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism
Net migration rate - -6.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD]; Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three opposition parties - United National Democratic Party or UNDP, Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive Labor Movement or PLM)
Political pressure groups and leaders - Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [William ROBINSON]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL]
Population uninhabited (July 2003 est.) 67,448 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.69% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Saint John's
Radio broadcast stations - AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 36,000 (1997)
Railways - total: 77 km


narrow gauge: 64 km 0.760-m gauge; 13 km 0.610-m gauge (used almost exclusively for handling sugarcane) (2001 est.)
Religions - Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: good automatic telephone system


international: 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands Antilles) and Guadeloupe
Telephones - main lines in use - 28,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1,300 (1996)
Television broadcast stations - 2 (1997)
Terrain volcanic; coast is mostly inaccessible mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas
Total fertility rate - 2.29 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate - 7% (2000 est.)
Waterways none none
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